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Chemical Pathology

Background Information

  • Caeruloplasmin is the major protein bound form of copper in the circulation.
  • Caeruloplasmin levels may be low in Wilson's disease, or in rare acquired copper deficiency states (e.g. excessive zinc intake, persistent infantile diarrhoea, severe malabsorption or nephrotic syndrome).
  • For investigation of possible Wilson's disease, the GHNHST Gastroenterology protocol for abnormal LFT's only recommends caeruloplasmin measurement in patients under 50 years of age who have persistently raised ALT.
  • Caeruloplasmin is an acute phase protein and is therefore often elevated in infection and inflammation, samples may therefore not be processed if there is evidence of inflammation (indicated by a raised CRP result).
  • Pregnancy, OCP and oestradiol containing medications may also increase caeruloplasmin levels.
  • 24 hour urine copper measurement is an alternative screening test for Wilson's Disease.

Patient Preparation

  • No specific preparation required.

Sample Requirements

For adults, blood taken into a 5mL gold top tube (or rust top for the Acute Unit)

5ml gold tube


For children, blood taken into a 3.5mL rust top tube

3.5ml rust top tube


Storage/Transport

Do not store. Send at ambient temperature to the laboratory the same day.

Required Information

Relevant clinical details and a recent CRP level.

Turnaround times

Samples are referred to an external laboratory for analysis with results expected back within 9 working days.

Reference ranges

Ranges and interpretation reported as provided by referral laboratory.

Further information

To learn more about caeruloplasmin visit Lab Tests Online: Caeruloplasmin


Page last updated: 19/09/2025 | Page last reviewed: 19/09/2025