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Carbapenamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) screen
For adults, 5 ml of blood taken into a narrow gold top tube (or rust top for the Acute Unit)
High dose methotrexate chemotherapy is used in conjunction with other chemotherapy agents in the treatment of lymphomas and some haematological malignancies.
As with most tumour markers there is a high incidence of false positive and false negative results. CA 19-9 is most appropriately used in monitoring disease progression or effectiveness of treatment once diagnosis of the tumour has been made and serum concentrations have been shown to be raised prior to treatment (Lewis negative individuals do not express CA 19-9).
Purpose
Lactate is normally assayed using the blood gas analysers situated in the emergency departments or the departments of Critical Care at both Gloucestershire Royal and Cheltenham General Hospital (a blood gas syringe which must be analysed within 5 minutes of collection is required)
Hereditary haemochromatosis (HH) is a very common inherited disorder of iron metabolism, characterised by inappropriately high absorption of iron, leading to excessive storage in the liver, skin, pancreas, heart, joints and testes.
Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) genotyping is sometimes requested when a patient has significantly elevated cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, when a patient presents with xanthomas on their skin and the doctor suspects Type III hyperlipoproteinaemia (also known as dysbetalipoproteinaemia, remnant disease or broad beta disease); or very rarely when family members have apo E e2/e2 and a doctor wants to see if the patient may be at a higher risk for early heart disease.
No specific preparation required
by Jim Moriarty
Cancer antigen 15.3 (CA 15-3) should only be used to determine response to therapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer or for the early detection of recurrence in patients with previously treated stage II and stage III breast cancer. Requests should therefore only be made as advised by the specialist secondary care team.
Chemical Pathology
AFP is a possible marker of:-
It is important to drink plenty of fluid. You should drink 6 to 8 glasses of fluid every day to prevent dehydration. During warmer weather you need to drink more fluids. The information in this page will help you choose the type and amount of fluid your body needs to maintain a healthy bladder and bowel.